Epidemiology It is the second most common type of juxtacortical or surface osteosarcoma after parosteal osteosarcoma and accounts for 1.5% of all osteosarcoma cases. Chordomas in the sacrococcygeal region may be cured by radical en bloc excision. This article will focus only on the metastasis involving the bony structures of the spine; please refer to the specific articles for Vertebral metastases represent the secondary involvement of the vertebral spine by hematogenously-disseminated metastatic cells. Radiology report. Terminology. osteofibrous dysplasia. Vertebral metastases represent the secondary involvement of the vertebral spine by hematogenously-disseminated metastatic cells. Maffucci syndrome is a congenital nonhereditary mesodermal dysplasia characterized by multiple enchondromas with soft-tissue venous malformations and/or spindle-cell hemangiomas 6,7, generally caused by somatic mutations in IDH1 or IDH2 6.. On imaging, it is usually portrayed by a short limb with metaphyseal distortions due to multiple enchondromas, McCune-Albright syndrome (MAS) (also known as McCune-Albright-Sternberg syndrome) is a genetic disorder characterized by the association of:. chondrosarcoma; Morphology. Ewing sarcomas are the second most common malignant primary bone tumors of childhood after osteosarcoma, typically arising from the medullary cavity with the invasion of the Haversian system.Ewing sarcomas usually present as moth-eaten, destructive, and permeative lucent lesions in the shaft of long bones, with a large soft tissue component and typical onion undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma. According to the WHO classification of soft tissue and bone tumors (5 th edition) the term "liposclerosing myxofibrous tumor" is no longer recommended and instead, fibrous dysplasia is preferred.. The radiological report should include a description of the following 13: location and size; tumor margins and transition zone; relation to the growth plate; degree of sclerosis; Treatment and prognosis. Osteomas are commonly found in patients undergoing imaging of the sinuses, appearing in up to 3% of CT examinations of the paranasal sinuses 1.They are most frequently diagnosed in 20-50 years olds, and there is a male predilection (M:F = 1.5-2.6:1) 1. Periosteal reaction. Radiology report. ossifying fibroma. Histologically, the bone islands found in osteopoikilosis and in sporadic enostoses are merely patches of dense cortical-like bone complete with haversian canals located within the spongiosa, often just deep to the cortex 7. Liposclerosing myxofibrous tumors can occur in a wide age range with a peak in the 4 th decade of life 2-4.Men and women seem to be equally conventional chordoma: 1474 117 x 10-6 mm 2 /s 13; dedifferentiated chordoma: 875 100 x 10-6 mm 2 /s 13; Bone scan. They must be included in any differential diagnosis of a spinal bone lesion in a patient older than 40 years. Of the 103 patients treated between January 2004 and January 2012, these researchers retrospectively analyzed data from 96 patients who were followed-up for greater than 6 months or had died within 6 months. Periosteal reaction. bone marrow tumors. The radiological report should include a description of the following 2: location and size including the whole extent of disease load; tumor margins and transition zone; aggressive features. Radiology report. Radiology report. The radiological report should include a description of the following 2: location and size including the whole extent of disease load; tumor margins and transition zone; aggressive features. Morphology includes descriptors of the degree of osseous expansion, whether it's circular or ovoid, permeative, motheaten, etc. Epidemiology. Although angiography is useful to assess vascular encasement and displacement, chordomas usually do not have significant tumoral vascularity 3. It arises from red marrow due to the monoclonal proliferation of plasma cells and manifests in a wide range of radiographic abnormalities. The condition is asymptomatic and does not degenerate into malignancy.Bone strength is normal. fibrous bone lesions. Pathology. Chordoma does not metastasize, but local recurrence is commmon. Morphology includes descriptors of the degree of osseous expansion, whether it's circular or ovoid, permeative, motheaten, etc. It is, however, the most common lipogenic tumor in bone 6. Characterizing a periosteal reaction, if present, can also narrow or focus a differential diagnosis. The radiological report should include a description of the following 2: location and size including the whole extent of disease load; tumor margins and transition zone; aggressive features. endocrinopathy: precocious puberty; polyostotic fibrous dysplasia: more severe than in sporadic cases cutaneous pigmentation: coast of Maine 'caf au lait' spots Epidemiology. They account for ~10% of all benign bone lesions and there is a male predilection (M:F 2-4:1) 2.. Osteomas are commonly found in patients undergoing imaging of the sinuses, appearing in up to 3% of CT examinations of the paranasal sinuses 1.They are most frequently diagnosed in 20-50 years olds, and there is a male predilection (M:F = 1.5-2.6:1) 1. fibrous dysplasia. Diagnosing brachial plexus pathology can be clinically challenging, often necessitating further evaluation with MRI. chondrosarcoma. Multiple myeloma, also known as plasma cell myeloma, is a multifocal proliferation of plasma cells based in the bone marrow.. Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Osteoid osteomas are usually found in children, adolescents, and young adults, between the ages of 10 and 35 years 2.. Characterizing a periosteal reaction, if present, can also narrow or focus a differential diagnosis. Intra- vs Extra-axial (2) The differentiation between intra-axial versus extra-axial is usually straight forward, but sometimes it can be very difficult and imaging in multiple planes may be necessary. The tumor in the case on the left was thought to be a falcine meningioma, i.e. non-ossifying fibroma (fibrous cortical defect) desmoplastic fibroma. It is the most common primary malignant bone neoplasm in adults. They must be included in any differential diagnosis of a spinal bone lesion in a patient older than 40 years. fibrosarcoma. Clinical presentation. liposclerosing myxofibrous tumor. cortical destruction/breach; pathologic fracture; soft tissue extension; aggressive periosteal reaction Non-ossifying fibromas are considered as leave alone or do not touch lesions. Epidemiology. Radiology report. chondrosarcoma; Morphology. extra-axial and was presented for surgery. The radiological report should include a description of the following 2: location and size including the whole extent of disease load; tumor margins and transition zone; aggressive features. Treatment and prognosis Periosteal osteosarcoma is a form of surface osteosarcoma. multiple myeloma. Chordoma (3) Here a large tumor in the sacral region which proved to be a chordoma. Epidemiology. This article will focus only on the metastasis involving the bony structures of the spine; please refer to the specific articles for chondroid popcorn or arcs and rings e.g. Diagnosis variable; Angiography. Clinical presentation variable; Angiography. conventional chordoma: 1474 117 x 10-6 mm 2 /s 13; dedifferentiated chordoma: 875 100 x 10-6 mm 2 /s 13; Bone scan. A total of 72 patients (75.0 %) had chordoma, 20 patients (20.8 %) had chondrosarcoma, and 4 patients (7.2 %) had osteosarcoma. Chordomas in the base of the skull are usually inaccessible to surgery but may respond to radiation therapy. Treatment and prognosis Intraosseous lipomas are rare benign lesions that account for about 0.1-2.5% of all bone tumors. Owing to its vague symptomatology, uncommon nature, and complex anatomy, the brachial plexus presents a diagnostic dilemma to clinicians and radiologists alike and has been the subject of many prior reviews offering various perspectives on its imaging Chondromyxoid fibromas are extremely rare, benign cartilaginous neoplasms that account for <1% of all bone tumors 1. 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